Anina Estrem

What Do You Think People Experiencing Hunger Should Eat?

On March 1^st, 2023, anyone who received SNAP benefits (formerly known as Food Stamps) lost nearly one-hundred dollars per person per month thanks to the expiration of Covid-era bonus benefits. This cut has already had a terrifying impact on people experiencing food insecurity, and anti-hunger advocates expect that it will quickly grow much worse.

The rapidly rising number of people shopping at food pantries has demonstrated just how effective the SNAP program is. It provides dignity to users by allowing them to make their own choices and choose foods that work for their own families and lifestyles. The number of people returning to emergency food assistance services with the loss of these benefits shows us just how many didn’t need it while receiving these benefits.

Despite the proven effectiveness of SNAP, doubts about the need for and value of welfare are pervasive throughout American society. They are largely fueled by the concept of the “welfare queen,” an imaginary 1980s character who used her welfare benefits to facilitate a life of leisure and excess at the expense of hard-working taxpayers. Concerns about the misuse of benefits and social services permeate how we think about hunger, and they’ve created a conundrum.

Thanks to fears of welfare abuse, society is ready to condemn anyone experiencing food insecurity who eats expensive or quality food.

High-end steak, organic produce, fancy olive oil, and other expensive foods are considered an inappropriate and unnecessary food choice for anyone struggling to meet their food needs. It is deemed irresponsible to spend money on these kinds of items when you could buy greater quantities of lower-quality ingredients.

Conversely, people experiencing poverty are regularly reprimanded for their unhealthy eating habits. Even though chips, soda, and salty snacks are the cheapest and most accessible foods, we see a constant stream of policy proposals eliminating the ability to purchase them with SNAP, increasing taxes to make them more expensive, or other mechanisms intended to make it harder for people living in poverty to access.

These biases have manufactured a very narrow window of food that is considered appropriate for people experiencing hunger to eat; they simply can’t win. They are expected to eat from-scratch meals from bulk ingredients, that are healthy but not too healthy (certainly not organic), but must not eat cheap, accessible soda, chips or instant meals either.

The desire to dictate what food should be available to people experiencing hunger comes from the deeply engrained assumption that people are poor because of personal failure.

American society assumes that people need food assistance because of poor decision-making, which leads us to believe that they make similarly bad choices when it comes to food and need to be told how to eat appropriately.

As anti-hunger activists, it is essential that we examine the biases that we carry through our work. This vision of what we think people should eat is unconscious and pervasive, but it requires a deliberate effort to recognize and change it.

We can start by fighting for people experiencing hunger to be able to make all their own food decisions. We should be advocating for higher and more accessible SNAP benefits, transitioning food pantries to client-choice models, and catching ourselves when we make judgements about what types of foods our neighbors choose to eat.

Building a Better Pantry: Help Your Clients Feel Welcome and Respected

I recently had a food pantry visitor tell me, “It’s embarrassing enough to be here, but you are so welcoming and friendly that it makes it better.” We can’t take away the need to use emergency food services, but there are many things we can do to make it as positive an experience as possible.

Even though the worst impacts of the pandemic lockdown are (hopefully!) behind us, hunger remains a serious problem for many Americans. Inflation, supply chain interruptions, and cuts to SNAP benefits make finding affordable and appropriate groceries more and more complicated. This means that individuals and families who have never previously needed help are finding themselves lined up outside of their local food pantry.

Getting your groceries at a food pantry for the first time can be overwhelming and intimidating. It’s a scary and humbling place to be, and it’s important to prioritize the humanity of this experience.

I’m going to share the techniques we use to ensure that our clients feel welcome and respected on their first visit and help know they are welcome to come back as long as they need our assistance. Although this may look like a simple list of changes to make, successful implementation depends on a genuine belief that everyone deserves to eat which will be entirely determined by the mindset and culture of your food pantry.

Help your clients feel seen.

Find your bubbliest volunteers and put them in charge of making sure every client is personally welcomed to the pantry. I am that person at my pantry, and I keep up a near-constant stream of chatter with whomever is in earshot. I reflect on the weather, eggplant recipes, and how I’m so excited about the latest delivery of sweet potatoes. If you have regular volunteers, help them learn client names so that they can welcome them on repeat visits. If you can remember their food preferences, or the story they told you about their child the other day, it feels so much more welcoming and comfortable.

Make check-in as simple as possible.

Food pantries have lots of reporting responsibilities, which can lead to an excess of bureaucratic processes. See if you can reduce the amount of data you gather. Evaluate what you REALLY need to know about your clients, and what you might have fallen into the habit of gathering for other reasons.

Don’t let your language get too clinical or formal.

Ask for their birthday instead of their date of birth. Don’t talk about their “eligibility” to get food- you’re going to get them food! Be as casual and carefree as you can about processing whatever intake information you need. You never want people to worry that they won’t receive food due to administrative complications.

Let clients make their own choices.

Food choice is important. Everyone knows their own needs best. I certainly would not be comfortable with someone making my grocery decisions for me! Letting shoppers decide what and how much food they need is empowering and dignified. Not everyone likes or eats the same food- so make your pantry reflect this. If you have the capacity, get rid of limits. Data shows that no-limit pantries actually often give away less food, since they increase client confidence that there will be more food on their next visit and reduce waste by letting clients target their specific needs.

Prioritize abundance.

Let clients know what items you have in plenty. Even if it’s something not everyone eats, let them know that you’re swimming in water chestnuts and tell them they should grab a few cans.

Don’t focus on what foods are running low; prioritizing abundance helps your clients develop confidence that you have what they need. It also naturally encourages people to take the appropriate amount for them rather than hoarding or being too frugal.

Celebrate when someone gets lots of food.

You should be proud you had the items that families needed to feel secure! Make check-out as easy as possible, so that no one feels guilty about the amount of food they take. Focus on the fact that you made sure they won’t go hungry tonight.

No one wants to get their food from a food pantry, and far too many people go hungry rather than risk the humiliation they anticipate. Surprise them, and food pantries will see happier clients, greater volunteer satisfaction since they can focus on helping people, and help you explore your next opportunities for building the best, most well-respected food pantry in your community.

What You Believe About Food Pantries: Is Any of it True?

When the Covid lockdown first began, the government recognized that millions of workplaces shutting down would astronomically increase hunger rates across the U.S. Accompanying the literally miles-long lines of cars at drive-through food bank distributions, the USDA provided extra dollars to SNAP benefits (formerly known as Food Stamps) which have been essential for keeping millions of families fed over the past three years. On March 1, the last of these additional benefits will expire. The end of this program will reduce the amount of money for food by approximately $95 per person per month. (Citation)

Facing rising costs of living and devastating inflation, more people than ever have no other option than to visit their neighborhood food pantry to keep their family fed. Hunger assistance programs are bracing themselves for massively increased attendance, especially among first-time clients.

To ensure that everyone feels welcome, we as anti-hunger activists, social justice warriors, and compassionate neighbors need to examine what biases we may carry about hunger that negatively influence our work.

Particularly in America, there is a strong stigma against using welfare, even among those who implement and support essential programs like food assistance. Poverty is a result of inequitable opportunity, but that is an uncomfortable reality for a culture that preaches equality for all. That’s why discourse on welfare and food assistance tends to revolve around who we believe deserves this help instead.

We all need food to survive. When we implement systems or policies based on who we believe deserves access to food, we make a radical statement about who deserves to live- and who doesn’t.

Effective anti-hunger efforts must begin by embracing the idea that everyone deserves to eat, and examining all the ways we can live this ideal. In future posts, I will discuss actionable opportunities for implementing this concept in food pantries, but I want to start by examining what assumptions we may have about individuals who use emergency food assistance.

What are some of the most common biases about food pantry clients?

1. People use food pantries when they don’t need to.

No one waits in line for an hour in January for a couple of grocery bags of discarded food if they don’t have to. No matter how hard we work to make it better, the process of using a food pantry is uncomfortable, humbling, and undignified. No one uses these services unless they must. It’s essential to reflect on whether you or your anti-hunger peers unconsciously believe otherwise, because it may impact how you serve those who come to you for help.

2. People should only use food pantries if they can’t afford their own food.

If hunger were only about food, it would be so much easier to solve! Unfortunately, having money for food is indelibly intertwined with the cost of housing, healthcare, and transportation. Spending on food is more flexible than these fixed costs, which means it is often the first thing to be sacrificed. Food pantry clients may have money in their bank account- budgeted to pay their rent and utilities, medical prescriptions, fuel costs, or even shoes for their growing children. Just because someone can technically afford to buy food doesn’t mean that they should if our end goal is a healthy, stable community.

3. Food pantries are only for the unemployed.

Most food pantry clients have at least one household member who is employed. However, families are often restricted by childcare responsibilities, disability and health challenges, or transportation limitations which can all make it hard to find a job that pays a living wage. Although unemployment is dropping, too many people are still underemployed and not able to support themselves no matter how hard they work or how many jobs they have.

4. Poverty is static.

I regularly encounter volunteers or donors who are surprised to see a nice car in the parking lot or a client with a new iPhone. The American concept of poverty assumes that if someone experiencing poverty owns something nice or expensive, it must be because they make irresponsible financial decisions. It is none of our business to judge how our clients spend their money, but…

People often experience poverty and hunger in phases throughout their lifetime. All it takes is one medical bill or job loss before someone who considered themselves financially comfortable may require the services of a food pantry. Conversely, a promotion or completion of an educational degree may support a previously struggling household. There are endless possibilities for why someone needs a food pantry, whether it’s a one-time visit or for long-term use.

As anti-hunger advocates, it’s important to recognize these (often unconscious) biases that may impact how we welcome clients, what and how much food we allow them to take, and the dignity of the process.

There are many, many actions steps that food pantries can make to improve the experience for their shoppers, but they all depend on the organization wholeheartedly embracing the idea that everyone deserves to eat.

Overlooked Opportunities for Ending Hunger

There is incredible energy in the anti-hunger movement right now.

New programs and models have blossomed and thrived over the last two years of the pandemic, developing new strategies for helping our neighbors be a little more food secure. Data continues to confirm that policy and systemic change are the most effective strategies for lifting communities out of food insecurity. However, sometimes these big picture visions and idealistic strategies neglect the just-as-essential work that is being done to support individuals.

Food pantries do not often have a positive reputation- they may be degrading to clients, they don’t meet individual needs, or they have such limited capacity that their impact feels negligible. Because of this, the “big picture thinkers” like food banks and policy makers tend to focus their solutions beyond the scope of neighborhood food pantries.

I believe that it is possible to build a food pantry that can be part of the big picture.

As an experienced anti-hunger advocate, I’ve run multiple food pantries, worked with several food banks, and have extensive experience addressing the root causes of hunger. I believe that it’s possible to create a new kind of experience for people facing food insecurity. I have many strategies, techniques and experiences that demonstrate how visiting a food pantry can become a positive experience, where cultural identities are respected, and where individuals can develop a sense of stability. This blog intends to showcase how much potential food pantries have to fight food insecurity and to play a part in the bigger picture of ending hunger.

The opinions expressed here are solely my own and do not express the views or opinions of my employer.